conception of apostleship is modeled on Christ’s death on the cross, and the apostolic office is a representation of Christ’s service. Others argue that it arose from the servant role of Israel in Isa 51:16 and 59:21. The way Paul uses the term in this context does not highlight the menial nature of the work or imply some humble status. Instead, it refers to activity “done on behalf of another.” He regards himself to be an authoritative spokesman for God, authorized in his missionary work to be a